下面是范文網(wǎng)小編收集的如何短期攻克雅思閱讀3篇，供大家賞析。
如何短期攻克雅思閱讀1
Suggested answers and explanations
1. washing， brushing， varnishing 見第一段。
2. handling with gloves / freezing samples ( any one of the two ) 見第二段。
3. losing authentic DNA / being contaminated / contamination ( any one of the three) 見第八段 “Not only is the authentic DNA getting washed out， but contamination is getting washed in” (答being contaminated或 contamination比較保險(xiǎn))
4. they are porous porous 的意思是多孔的。見第八段 “。。。 which can allow water — and contaminants in the form of contemporary DNA — to permeate into the porous bones.”
5. human evolution 見第十五段。其中“shed light on sth”的意思是使某事顯得非常清楚，使人了解某事。
6. 4 分別為第四段的“an extinct cattle species， called an aurochs”，即歐洲野牛，已經(jīng)絕跡;第十一段 “Neanderthal”， 是人類學(xué)用語，尼安德特人，舊石器時(shí)代的古人類;第十四段“woolly mammoth”和“cave bear”，其中mammoth是猛犸，一種古哺乳動(dòng)物。
7. T 見第二段。
8. T 見第四段 “Geigl and her colleagues looked at 3，200-year- old fossil bones belonging to a single individual of an extinct cattle species， called an aurochs.” 即他們研究的骨化石是一頭歐洲野牛身上的。
9. NG
10. F 見第十二段第一、二句話。
11. T 見第十二段末句 “But P bo is keen to see samples of fossils from every major find preserved in line with Geigl’s recommendations — just in case.” 意即為保險(xiǎn)起見，Paabo還是非常希望見到用Geigl建議的方法保存的化石樣本。“just in case” 的意思是以防萬一，就是Paabo對(duì)用傳統(tǒng)保存處理的化石不放心的意思。
12. A 見第三段。This information就是前一句中 “。。。 just how important conservation practices can be” (to preserve good DNA)?！癰e hammered”之中hammer一詞的意思是不斷重復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)。
13. D 面信息。需要理解文章各處關(guān)于Geigl和她的同事所作的研究
如何短期攻克雅思閱讀2
Don’t wash those fossils!
Standard museum practice can wash away DNA.
1. Washing， brushing and varnishing fossils — all standard conservation treatments used by many fossil hunters and museum curators alike — vastly reduces the chances of recovering ancient DNA.
2. Instead， excavators should be handling at least some of their bounty with gloves， and freezing samples as they are found， dirt and all， concludes a paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences today.
3. Although many palaeontologists know anecdotally that this is the best way to up the odds of extracting good DNA， Eva-Maria Geigl of the Jacques Monod Institute in Paris， France， and her colleagues have now shown just how important conservation practices can be. This information， they say， needs to be hammered home among the people who are actually out in the field digging up bones.
4. Geigl and her colleagues looked at 3，200-year-old fossil bones belonging to a single individual of an extinct cattle species， called an aurochs. The fossils were dug up at a site in France at two different times — either in 1947， and stored in a museum collection， or in 2004， and conserved in sterile conditions at -20 oC.
5. The team’s attempts to extract DNA from the 1947 bones all failed. The newly excavated fossils， however， all yielded DNA.
6. Because the bones had been buried for the same amount of time， and in the same conditions， the conservation method had to be to blame says Geigl. “As much DNA was degraded in these 57 years as in the 3，200 years before，” she says.
Wash in， wash out
7. Because many palaeontologists base their work on the shape of fossils alone， their methods of conservation are not designed to preserve DNA， Geigl explains.
8. The biggest problem is how they are cleaned. Fossils are often washed together on-site in a large bath， which can allow water — and contaminants in the form of contemporary DNA — to permeate into the porous bones. “Not only is the authentic DNA getting washed out， but contamination is getting washed in，” says Geigl.
9. Most ancient DNA specialists know this already， says Hendrik Poinar， an evolutionary geneticist at McMaster University in Ontario， Canada. But that doesn’t mean that best practice has become widespread among those who actually find the fossils.
10. Getting hold of fossils that have been preserved with their DNA in mind relies on close relationships between lab-based geneticists and the excavators， says palaeogeneticist Svante P bo of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig， Germany. And that only occurs in exceptional cases， he says.
11. P bo’s team， which has been sequencing Neanderthal DNA， continually faces these problems. “When you want to study ancient human and Neanderthal remains， there’s a big issue of contamination with contemporary human DNA，” he says.
12. This doesn’t mean that all museum specimens are fatally flawed， notes P bo. The Neanderthal fossils that were recently sequenced in his own lab， for example， had been part of a museum collection treated in the traditional way. But P bo is keen to see samples of fossils from every major find preserved in line with Geigl’s recommendations — just in case.
Warm and wet
13. Geigl herself believes that， with cooperation between bench and field researchers， preserving fossils properly could open up avenues of discovery that have long been assumed closed.
14. Much human cultural development took place in temperate regions. DNA does not survive well in warm environments in the first place， and can vanish when fossils are washed and treated. For this reason， Geigl says， most ancient DNA studies have been done on permafrost samples， such as the woolly mammoth， or on remains sheltered from the elements in cold caves — including cave bear and Neanderthal fossils.
15. Better conservation methods， and a focus on fresh fossils， could boost DNA extraction from more delicate specimens， says Geigl. And that could shed more light on the story of human evolution.
(640 words nature )
Glossary
Palaeontologists 古生物學(xué)家
Aurochs 歐洲野牛
Neanderthal (人類學(xué))尼安德特人，舊石器時(shí)代的古人類。
Permafrost (地理)永凍層
Questions 1-6
Answer the following questions by using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
1. How did people traditionally treat fossils?
2. What suggestions do Geigl and her colleagues give on what should be done when fossils are found?
3. What problems may be posed if fossil bones are washed on-site? Name ONE.
4. What characteristic do fossil bones have to make them susceptible to be contaminated with contemporary DNA when they are washed?
5. What could be better understood when conservation treatments are improved?
6. The passage mentioned several animal species studied by researchers. How many of them are mentioned?
Questions 7-11
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage? Please write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the writer
FALSE if the statement does not agree with the writer
NOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage
7. In their paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ， Geigl and her colleagues have shown what conservation practices should be followed to preserve ancient DNA.
8. The fossil bones that Geigl and her colleagues studied are all from the same aurochs.
9. Geneticists don’t have to work on site.
10. Only newly excavated fossil bones using new conservation methods suggested by Geigl and her colleagues contain ancient DNA.
11. Paabo is still worried about the potential problems caused by treatments of fossils in traditional way.
Questions 12-13
Complete the following the statements by choosing letter A-D for each answer.
12. “This information” in paragraph 3 indicates：
[A] It is critical to follow proper practices in preserving ancient DNA.
[B] The best way of getting good DNA is to handle fossils with gloves.
[C] Fossil hunters should wear home-made hammers while digging up bones.
[D] Many palaeontologists know how one should do in treating fossils.
13. The study conducted by Geigl and her colleagues suggests：
[A] the fact that ancient DNA can not be recovered from fossil bones excavated in the past.
[B] the correlation between the amount of burying time and that of the recovered
DNA.
[C] the pace at which DNA degrades.
[D] the correlation between conservation practices and degradation of DNA.
如何短期攻克雅思閱讀3
我們的閱讀量大致在3500-4000詞左右，這對(duì)考生從知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備、時(shí)間和耐心上都是不小的考驗(yàn)。在本文中，將會(huì)給大家分析閱讀短期突擊的方法!融會(huì)貫通以下幾點(diǎn)你的雅思閱讀可能會(huì)有較大的提升哦。
解題順序和時(shí)間分配
在雅思閱讀中，解題順序是很關(guān)鍵的一步，很多考生及其容易忽略這一點(diǎn)，導(dǎo)致很多考生在考場(chǎng)上時(shí)間分配不合理，耽誤了整個(gè)閱讀考試的進(jìn)程，不少考生在考場(chǎng)上的第三篇文章基本都是連蒙帶猜做出來的，正確率非常之慘淡。所以，拿到一篇雅思閱讀文章后：
第一步：看文章標(biāo)題
很多文章我們?cè)诳赐晡恼聵?biāo)題以后就能夠結(jié)合常識(shí)對(duì)文章的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行合理預(yù)測(cè)。比如：let’s go bats 這篇文章，我們就能確定首先文章是在講蝙蝠這種動(dòng)物。而關(guān)于蝙蝠大家都知道的特點(diǎn)就是在夜晚活動(dòng)和狩獵，喜歡生活在陰暗潮濕環(huán)境，知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備好一點(diǎn)的學(xué)生可能還會(huì)聯(lián)想到聲波。所以，文章里自然講的東西也不會(huì)偏離太遠(yuǎn)。其次，在文章里遇到的不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞，可以往這個(gè)話題上靠攏，比如：sonar ，radar(聲納和雷達(dá))，就是跟蝙蝠的聲波有關(guān)的概念。
第二步：看文章引言
雅思閱讀有一些文章是有引言的，引言一般和標(biāo)題正文的字體都不一樣。基本有以下3個(gè)作用：a 文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介 7-P89 b 文章背景介紹 8-P26 c 答案來源 8-P50
看引言能夠幫考生在最短時(shí)間內(nèi)了解文章的大概內(nèi)容，減少閱讀過程中的障礙
第三步：看題目
很多考生在拿到閱讀文章后會(huì)習(xí)慣性地先粗略地看一遍文章或者文章段落的首末句，而這個(gè)時(shí)候一般收效甚微，因?yàn)闀?huì)遇到單詞困境，所以，比較推薦是先去看題目，搞清楚題目里要考的內(nèi)容，在閱讀過程中有意識(shí)地去尋找對(duì)應(yīng)的答案，效率更高。
而在7-1-1這篇文章的選取中，我們應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)關(guān)注6-9和10-13這兩大類題型。因?yàn)?-9是集中型的題目，定位的答案相對(duì)靠近，都在文章的D段，在讀原文的過程中，會(huì)更容易定位，而且我們知道所有題目都和facial version 相關(guān)，大大縮小了定位范圍。10-13題，這種句子填空題一般是按照原文先后順序出現(xiàn)的，在E段里面一次出現(xiàn)了相關(guān)內(nèi)容。這樣定位相對(duì)更有規(guī)律，而且基本每個(gè)題目都出現(xiàn)了sonar和radar這兩個(gè)概念，所以，考生只需在讀原文的過程中去關(guān)注和這兩個(gè)概念相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，再結(jié)合每個(gè)題目里的關(guān)鍵詞，就比較容易解決。而相反最靠前的1-5題反而是最難定位的段落細(xì)節(jié)配對(duì)題，完全在原文亂序又分散，這種題目建議考生在把其他題目完成之后，借助原文和對(duì)其他題目的理解再來進(jìn)行定位，可以節(jié)約不少時(shí)間。
第四步:閱讀原文
在閱讀原文的過程中，重點(diǎn)放在容易定位的題目上，因?yàn)榧词乖诳床惶牡那闆r下，考生還是可以根據(jù)題目的關(guān)鍵詞和定位規(guī)律快速定位。集中就聯(lián)系上下文，正序就從前到后，這種題目相對(duì)更容易。
所以，簡(jiǎn)言之，考生在考場(chǎng)上的做題順序并非按照出題順序來做，而是應(yīng)該按照定位的難易程度來做，要在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)把我們能夠拿分的題目先做完，即：容易定位的題目一定要先做，不容易定位的放在最后做。
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