托福聽力常見題型解題思路講解：結(jié)構(gòu)題和態(tài)度題3篇托福聽力題型解題技巧知乎

時間：2023-02-22 15:20:00 綜合范文

　　下面是范文網(wǎng)小編收集的托福聽力常見題型解題思路講解：結(jié)構(gòu)題和態(tài)度題3篇托福聽力題型解題技巧知乎，供大家品鑒。

托福聽力常見題型解題思路講解：結(jié)構(gòu)題和態(tài)度題1

　　This campaign season, there's been plenty of name calling and lots of accusations.

　　David Clementson, a PhD candidate at The Ohio State University, has been keeping tabs.

"I mean there was one debate where Rubio and Cruz were just all over Trump, accusing him of dodging questions."

"But that doesn't answer the question."

"He didn't answer…"

"You have yet to answer a single serious question about any of this."

　　Clementson wanted to see if claims of question dodging actually held up, historically—not necessarily in the unique case of Trump.

　　So Clementson analyzed the transcripts of 14 presidential debates, from 1996 to 2012.

　　Overall, he found 51 accusations of question dodging—26 by Dems, 25 by Republicans.

　　A third of the time, the accused candidate did in fact go off-topic.

　　But in every single case, the accused candidate still mentioned the question topic.

　　Meaning that most of the time, he says, candidates are unfairly accused of question-dodging.

　　The results are in the Journal of Language and Social Psychology.

　　Clementson's advice for the next debate?

"Just because a politician of your partisan affiliation or your party ID is telling you that the other guy can't be believed, doesn't necessarily mean that that politician is accurately detecting deception."

　　In other words, don't trust'em.

　　Because the politician doing the accusing may be the one telling lies.

"Lying Ted…h(huán)e's a liar."

　　美國總統(tǒng)大選正展開激烈爭奪，而其中卻充斥著諸多謾罵及指責(zé)。

　　美國俄亥俄州立大學(xué)的博士生大衛(wèi)·克萊門森，一直在從事這方面的研究。

“我指的是盧比奧和克魯茲曾一度指責(zé)特朗普的逃避問題?！?/p>

“但那并不是回答問題。”

“他沒回應(yīng)…”

　　美國總統(tǒng)大選.jpg

“你還沒有回答這個非常嚴肅的問題”。

　　克萊門森想要看看逃避問題的主張是否真的會變成對手發(fā)難的軟肋，過往歷史顯示在特朗普的這種特例情況并不一定。

　　因此，克萊門森分析了從1996年到2012年14位總統(tǒng)候選人之間的辯論記錄。

　　他發(fā)現(xiàn)，總體上共有51次回避問題受到指責(zé)—民主黨26次，共和黨25次。

　　而三分之一的時間里，受指責(zé)一方的確偏離話題。

　　但大多數(shù)時間內(nèi)，被指責(zé)的候選人仍然在提及相關(guān)的問題。

　　他表示，這表明大部分的時間里，候選人被指責(zé)回避問題是不公平的。

　　這項研究已在《語言和社會心理學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表。

　　而下一輪的辯論克萊門森有什么建議呢?

　　僅僅是因為你的黨派關(guān)系中有一位政治家或你的政黨身份告訴自己，不能信任對方，這并不一定意味著那位政治家就真的存在欺騙行為。

　　換言之，不要輕信于人。

　　因為這位指責(zé)于人的政治家也有可能在撒謊。

　　說謊的泰德，他就是個騙子。

　　1.plenty of 很多

　　例句:I had plenty of space to write and sew.

　　我有足夠的空間進行寫作和縫紉。

　　2.want to 想要

　　例句:I don't want to leave, but I can't go on.

　　我不想離開，但我繼續(xù)不下去了。

　　3.hold up 舉起;支撐

　　例句:She held up her hand stiffly.

　　她直挺挺地舉著手。

托福聽力常見題型解題思路講解：結(jié)構(gòu)題和態(tài)度題2

　　結(jié)構(gòu)題

　　結(jié)構(gòu)題是以錄音材料的行文結(jié)構(gòu)、展開順序作為考查內(nèi)容的題型，常見的提問方式有以下幾種：

　　What is the organization of this passage?

　　How is the lecture organized?

　　What method does the professor use to develop his idea?

　　在實際考試中，結(jié)構(gòu)題考得并不多，但是解答起來卻令很多考生感覺頭疼。因為任何一篇錄音材料都不會主動講出“本文是一種怎樣的結(jié)構(gòu)”，因此想從講述人所說的內(nèi)容中直接找到答案是很困難的。那么想解答這種題目，考生就需要在復(fù)習(xí)時熟練掌握托福聽力的錄音材料有哪幾種常見結(jié)構(gòu)，每種結(jié)構(gòu)有什么特征。只有這樣，在做題的時候才能夠做到有針對性地聽題。

　　態(tài)度題

　　態(tài)度題是考查說話人對某話題所持的態(tài)度的題型。這種題型考查的范圍比較廣泛，有些題目考查說話人對某人的態(tài)度，有些則考查說話人對某事件的態(tài)度，還有的題目會考查說話人對某觀點的態(tài)度。態(tài)度題常見的提問方式如下：

　　What is the professor’s attitude toward the expert on the television programme?

　　在解態(tài)度題時，講話人的語氣和語調(diào)是一個非常重要的解題因素。在錄音中，如果說話人突然出現(xiàn)聲音變大、語調(diào)降低或者說話重復(fù)、結(jié)巴等現(xiàn)象，往往都從側(cè)面表明了其對某一事物所持的態(tài)度。考生在聽到這樣的句子時一定要加以辨識。

托福聽力常見題型解題思路講解：結(jié)構(gòu)題和態(tài)度題3

　　When you think of a leader, you may think of an individual who is above all bold. But a new study of fish called sticklebacks shows that shy individuals actually prefer to follow fish that are similarly timid.

　　Researchers had trios of sticklebacks with known personalities play follow the leader. The fish were placed in a tank that had some plastic plants at one end and some food hidden at the other. In some of the groups, a bold fish and a shy fish acted as leaders, while another shy fish followed. And in other groups, it was a bold fish that did the following. The researchers recorded whether the follower sallied forth more frequently with the fish that was behaviorally similar or the one that was different.

　　What they found is that shy fish were more likely to emerge from under cover when an equally wary fellow was already out there. Bold follower fish did not seem to care which leader they followed.

　　Of course, no matter which fish a stickleback chose to stick with, the bold fish did lead more expeditions over the course of the experiment than their more retiring friends. That’s because the bold fish initiated more trips, regardless of who might be tailing them. The findings are in the journal Biology Letters.

　　The researchers write that "when offered a choice of leaders, sticklebacks prefer to follow individuals whose personality matches their own, but bolder individuals may, nevertheless, be able to impose their leadership, even among shy followers, simply through greater effort." We may soon see if such tendencies also hold true in humans, when Americans decide who they’ll follow in November. Unless, of course, something fishy happens.

　　你可能認為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者通常都是非常大膽的個體。但是一項有關(guān)刺魚的新研究表示，害羞的魚類更喜歡追隨同樣膽小的魚。

　　研究人員將已知性格的三只刺魚分為一組，觀察它們追隨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的情況。刺魚被放在一個水箱里，水箱的一頭有一些塑料植物，另一頭藏有一些食物。在有些組中，一只大膽的魚和一只害羞的魚充當領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，而另一只害羞的魚則跟隨它們。而在其他組中，跟隨的卻是一只大膽的魚。研究人員記錄了跟隨者采取行動的頻率，看它們是跟隨行為相似的魚出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)更多，還是跟隨性格相反的魚出來的次數(shù)更多。

　　研究人員得出的結(jié)論是，當同樣謹慎的魚出現(xiàn)時，害羞的魚更可能從遮蔽物中出來。大膽的跟隨者似乎并不在乎它們跟隨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者是誰。

　　當然了，在實驗過程中，無論一只刺魚選擇跟隨哪只魚，大膽的魚領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的探險多于靦腆的魚。這是因為無論是誰在跟隨，大膽的魚發(fā)起的探險更多。實驗結(jié)果發(fā)表在《生物學(xué)通訊》上。

　　研究人員寫道：“在可以選擇領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者時，刺魚更喜歡跟隨在個性上同自己相符的個體，但是即使在害羞的魚中間，較大膽的個體也能通過加倍努力來施加它們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力。”我們很快就會看到這種趨向性是否同樣適用于人類，因為美國人將于今年11月決定他們要追隨的人選。除非發(fā)生可疑的事情。

　　1. sally forth 勇敢投入;

　　例句：With these desperate speeches he sallied forth upon the desiegers.

　　說完這些絕望的話，他就朝圍攻的人沖去。

　　2. be likely to do sth. 可能(做…)的;有(…)傾向的;

　　例句：The fires are likely to permanently deforest the land.

　　這些火災(zāi)很可能會徹底毀掉這片土地上的森林。

　　3. stick with 緊跟;緊隨;和…呆在一起;

　　例句：Tugging the woman's arm, she pulled her to her side saying: 'You just stick with me, dear.'

　　她拽著那個女人的胳膊，將她拉到自己身邊說：“親愛的，你就跟我呆在一起?！?/p>

　　4. regardless of 不顧;不管;不論;

　　例句：We will do it regardless of what might happen.

　　不管情況怎樣，我們決意這樣做。