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新概念英語第三冊語法精粹1

　　1.一般用法：

　　He is a student, isn't he?

　　He isn't a student, is he?

(1) “have to, had better, used to”要用下列方式反問：

　　He has to finish the work, doesn't he?

　　They used to smoke, didn't / usedn't they?

　　You'd better get up immediately, hadn't you?

(2) “has, have”作為助動詞和實意動詞，反問形式不同。

　　We have done all the work, haven't we?

　　You have some time, don't you?

　　金牌要點如下：

　　2. “seldom, barely, hardly, scarcely, few, little” 語意本身是否定，因此反意問句應為肯定形式。

　　She seldom comes to visit us, does she?

　　He hardly knew it, did he?

　　3.當主句為祈使句，反意問句提出要求，命令應用 “will you”

　　Do it at once, will you?

　　但如表示邀請，勸告，反意問句用 “won't you”

　　Have a cup of tea, won't you?

　　4.否定祈使句應用 “will you” 來反問。

　　Don't open the window, will you?

　　5. “Let's” 短語

● 當其為肯定形式，“shall we” 提出反問

　　Let's play basketball, shall we?

● 當其為否定形式，“all right, ok” 提出反問

　　Let's not go to the party, all right?

● 如為 “l(fā)et us ...” 其反問形式應為 “will you” 提出請求

　　Let us go home, will you?

　　6.當 “think, suppose, consider, believe” etc 被用作為主句謂語動詞，其后帶有賓語從句時，反意疑問問句應與從句保持一致。

　　I don't think that he is an honest man, is he?

　　Exercises:

　　單選：

　　1. — Your uncle told me that he overslept this morning.

— Oh, my uncle rarely used to oversleep, ________?

　　A. wasn't he B. was he C. didn't he D. did he

　　2. — Remove this, ________? — Right away.

　　A. will you B. shall you C. don't you D. do you

　　3. You ought to wait for her, ________?

　　A. don't you B. oughtn't you C. shouldn't you D. won't you

　　4. You have Tom move the stone, ________?

　　A. do you B. don't you C. haven't you D. have you

　　5. Let's go dancing, ________?

　　A. will we B. shall we C. don't we D. are we

　　6. Have dinner here, ________?

　　A. will you B. would you C. won't you D. haven't you

　　7. There is someone at the door, ________?

　　A. isn't there B. is there C. isn't he D. is it

　　8. The price of crude oil used to be a great deal lower than now, ________?

　　A. does there B. wasn't it C. don't it D. didn't it

　　9. This is the third time this week he's had to study late, ________?

　　A. isn't it B. isn't he C. hasn't it D. hasn't he

　　10. — Don't bother to drive me back!

— But then you'd have to walk home alone, ________?

　　A. hadn't you B. do you C. would you D. wouldn't you

新概念英語第三冊語法精粹2

　　此獨立形式只是一個小短語，而不是主謂完整的簡單句，又稱之為獨立分詞構句。當分詞意義上的主語不是主句的主語時，必須在分詞前保留意義上的主語，否則語意不通。(定義有點費解，多看幾遍)

　　示例：

　　Being ill in bed, I can't go to school.

　　Mother being ill in bed, I can't go to school.

(1) 獨立主結構形式可用以表時間，理由，條件，伴隨狀態(tài)等

　　He lay on the grass, the sun shining upon him.

= He lay on the grass, and the sun was shining upon him.

　　Weather permitting, I'll start tomorrow.

= If weather permits, I'll start tomorrow.

　　School being over, the boys went home.

= When school was over, the boys went home.

　　The sun having set, we arrived at the station.

= After the sun had set, we arrived at the station.

　　王牌重點：當獨立主格結構的主語表示“一般人”，如：we, one, you時，主語可省略，此用法常用于下列表達方式中：

　　generally speaking 一般來說

　　Strictly speaking 嚴格地說

　　Talking of ... 談到

　　Speaking of ... 說到

　　judging from ... 由……來判斷

　　Taking all things into consideration 把一切都考慮在內(nèi)

　　considering ... 考慮到……

[示例]：

　　If we judge from his face, he must be ill.

= Judging from his face, he must be ill.

　　He has lots of books if we consider that he is young.

= He has lots of books, considering that he is young.

(2)with 復合結構也是獨立主格結構形式之一。這種結構在句中作狀語(表示原因，方式，伴隨等)和定語，作定語時緊隨被修飾名詞后。

　　1.with+ 名詞 + 介詞短語：

　　The woman with a baby on her back is my sister.

　　The boy rushed into the room, with his schoolbag in his hand.

　　2.with + 名詞 + adj.

　　With the door open, he left the classroom.

　　3.with + 名詞 + adv.

　　With the gloves off, she felt cold.

　　With the lights on, the building looks beautiful.

　　4.with + 名詞 + 現(xiàn)在分詞(主動)

　　With + 名詞 + 過去分詞(被動)

　　Withthe guide leading us, we got to the village.

　　The boy was crying with the vase broken.

　　5.with + 名詞 + 不定式

　　With the hard work to be done, we have to prepare for it.

　　新概念英語第三冊語法精粹

新概念英語第三冊語法精粹3

　　不定冠詞“a”用來表示可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，用于輔音音素前，an用于元音音素前。

　　如：a person, a day; an hour, anold man...

　　定冠詞用法如下：

(英語剛啟蒙時你就知道冠詞了，可你真正掌握了嗎?再背一遍又何妨?!)

　　1.用于雙方都知道的名詞前：Please cleanthe classroom.

　　2.用于單數(shù)名詞前，表示一類人或物：

　　The horseis a useful animal.(馬是有用的動物)

　　This is a very hardjob for theteacher.(對于老師這是一項很難的工作。)

　　3.用于世界上獨一無二的東西前：the sun, the spring.

　　4.用于方位名詞前：People in the west like coffee very much.

　　5.用于樂器名詞前：play the violin.

　　6.用于計量單位前：Gasoline is soldby the gallon.

　　7.形容詞級和序數(shù)詞前：This is the easiest way to work out the problem.

　　He came to see me for first time.

　　8.用于江河湖海山脈名稱前：the Pacific，the Thames，the Rocky Mountains

　　9.雜志、報刊名稱前：the Times，the Overseas Digest

　　10.用于建筑物、和組織前：the White House, theMinistry of Education

　　11.用于姓氏復數(shù)前，表“某某夫婦，某某一家人”the Smiths，the Greens

　　12.用于形容詞前，表一類人 / 物：the rich, theblind

　　13.用于 English，Chinese，F(xiàn)rench等名詞前，表“全體國民”the English，the Chinese

　　以下情況不用冠詞：

　　1.三餐前 breakfast，lunch，supper， ... Have you had lunch?

　　2.體育運動項目前 playchess，... I have nointerest intennis.

　　3.在由 by引出的交通工具前by air(乘飛機)，by car

　　4.在稱呼或職位前 He has been elected president of the committee.

　　5.習慣用語前 at school，day by day，at table(在吃飯)，go to church(做禮拜)...

　　測試精編：

　　1. The cat is ________ beautiful animal, but its intelligence leaves much tobe desired.

　　A. a B. an C. the D. /

　　2. ________ university of Chicago has an excellent l aw school.

　　A. A B. An C. The D. /

　　3. — Tina looks especially pretty tonight.

— Yes, she always looks her best in ________ of that color.

　　A. dress B. a dress C. that dress D. the dress

　　4. — Did he fly across the English Channel?

— No, he crossed it by________.

　　A. a ship B. the ship C. ships D. ship

　　5. If you want to go to the post office from here, take________.

　　A. Broad way bus B. the Broad way bus

　　c. some Broad way bus D. a Broadway's bus

　　6. 一 How did you pay the workers? 一 As a rule, they were paid ________.

　　A. by an hour B. by the hour C. by a hour D. by hours

　　7. ________ more to be pitied than blamed.

　　A. Uneducatedare B. Uneducatedis

　　c.The uneducatedare D.The neducatedis

　　8.Astronomy is ________ of stars and planets.

　　A. a science B. science C. the science D. scientific

　　9. - After that, what happened to him?

— The chancetoenter ________ cameand he tookit.

　　A. tocollege B. thecollege C. for college D.college

　　10.We sternart of the 19th century shows the influence of________ Far East.

　　A. a B. an C. the D. /

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